High-altitude ecosystems such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau face increasing ecological risks due to climate change and intensified human activity. This study proposes a comprehensive framework for constructing Ecological Security Patterns (ESP) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by integrating the ecosystem service supply-demand ratio (ESSDR), ecological stability zones, and morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA). The analysis incorporates multi-source data, the InVEST model, and circuit theory to identify ecological sources, refine resistance surfaces, and delineate ecological corridors and key restoration zones. Results show that the total ecological source area increased between 2000 and 2010 but declined after 2010, with significant spatial disparities between the eastern and western regions. Resistance values exhibited a rising trend, indicating escalating ecological fragility, especially in high-altitude and arid zones. Ecological corridors, particularly in central and western regions, also became more fragmented over time. Based on these findings, the study introduces a spatial optimization strategy of "one axis, three zones, and multiple points" to enhance ecological connectivity and inform future conservation planning. This approach bridges ecological supply-demand mismatches, improves resistance evaluation in alpine regions, and provides practical guidance for large-scale ecological security governance. The results offer valuable insights for implementing China's Ecological Protection Plan for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (2023-2035) and can inform ESP construction in other alpine ecosystems globally. (c) 2025 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.