The evolution of the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude westerlies and the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) have profoundly shaped the climate of inland Asia and provided critical insights into the interactions among regional climate, tectonic processes, and global climate change. However, their evolution during the Late Miocene and Pliocene-a key interval marked by significant uplift of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and long-term global cooling-remains poorly constrained due to the scarcity of effective terrestrial records. In this study, we investigate representative aeolian sequences from regions dominated by the westerlies (the Caihonggou profile, 13-2.6 Ma, northern Tibetan Plateau) and from the EAWM domain (the Lianhua profile, 13-3.6 Ma, Chinese Loess Plateau). The coarse-grained fraction (>30 mu m) of the aeolian deposits is used as a robust proxy for near-surface wind intensity. Our results indicate that both the westerlies and the EAWM intensified synchronously after similar to 9 Ma, accompanied by enhanced aridification across the Asian interior. This widespread climate reorganization was primarily driven by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. In contrast, after similar to 5.5 Ma, EAWM strength and regional aridity weakened, likely in response to global warming, whereas the westerlies remained relatively stable, indicating differing sensitivities of these wind systems to the same climatic forcing. Overall, our findings highlight the dominant role of Tibetan Plateau uplift, modulated by global climate change, in controlling Asian environmental evolution since the Late Miocene.