The Loess Plateau of China, a region highly vulnerable to erosion and climatic variability, faces significant soil degradation exacerbated by intensive agricultural practices and anthropogenic pressures. This study investigates the impacts of incremental soil compaction (P1-P5) on hydraulic properties, pore structure, and water retention across distinct soil textures (sandy loam, loam, clay loam) to address gaps in understanding texture-specific resilience and soil organic carbon (SOC) interactions. Utilizing X-ray computed tomography (CT), soil water retention curve (SWRC) analysis, and the van Genuchten (vG) model, we quantified compaction-induced changes in porosity, connectivity, and hydraulic conductivity, while comparing unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (Kun) predictions derived from mini disc infiltrometer (MDI) and SWRC parameters. Results revealed that fine-textured, SOC-rich soils had greater compaction, preserving macropore connectivity and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), whereas sandy soils pronounced macropore collapse. Compaction homogenized pore distributions, steepened SWRC, and reduced plant-available water. Integration of CT and SWRC methodologies highlighted CT sensitivity to air-filled macropores versus SWRC's focus on water-retentive micropores. Strong correlation (R2 = 0.94-0.99) between vG parameters from MDI and SWRC validated parameter robustness, though MDI slightly underestimated Kun in clay loam, while SWRC-based models aligned closely with observed data. Integrating CT and SWRC methodologies offers a framework for precision soil health monitoring. In addition to the critical role of SOC and texture in compaction mitigation, there is a need for organic amendments in sandy soil and reduced tillage.