本发明涉及一种在盐碱地上以沟状客土种植草本植物的方法，包括以下步骤：在盐碱地上平行挖多条沟，在所述沟中依次填充卵石层和风积沙层；在所述风积沙层上，沿着沟延伸的方向平行放置两排以上支撑石块，相邻两排支撑石块之间形成种植区；取风积沙，将草本植物的种子与其混合后，均匀撒在所述种植区中；以所述支撑石块为支撑，铺设覆盖种植区的植物纤维网格布，其上紧密排布可供植物幼苗穿过的网眼；在所述植物纤维网格布的上方铺设滴灌管，定期灌溉，即可。本发明提供的方法可以克服盐碱荒地沟状客土植草的技术难题，防治盐尘淋溶和土壤风蚀，减少表层无效蒸发并改善土壤环境，提高种苗成活率，具有推广价值。

本发明涉及一种蒙古高原草场风雪流的生态利用方法，该方法涉及机械风障和植物风障组合建设，采用地点选择与空间布局、机械风障设置、植物风障建设步骤完成。通过本发明所述的方法可以降低地表风速，对冬季过境风雪流进行有效拦截，减少土壤水分蒸散，改善局地土壤水分状况，形成具有较高植被生产力的灌草复合生态系统，提高草场植被生产力；有效拦截风沙流和种子流，防止草场物质流失，形成适宜局地小环境，为冬季牧群提供风雪庇护所和饲料，还可提高区域荒漠化防治能力，是风雪流化害为利的一种重要方法。

本发明提供了一种新疆内陆干旱区大棚果桑两年五熟的方法，属于果桑种植技术领域，本发明中，桑葚第一成熟期为当年3月中旬至当年4月中旬；桑葚第二成熟期为当年6月中旬至当年7月下旬；桑葚第三成熟期为当年12月中旬至次年1月下旬；桑葚第四成熟期为次年4月中旬至次年5月下旬；桑葚第五成熟期为次年10月中旬至次年11月下旬。本发明结合新疆内陆干旱区的气候及土壤条件，仅通过简单的物理方法即可以实现，该方法绿色环保，能够增加桑葚产量，提高果桑经济价值。

本发明涉及一种微型双真空炉管，它包括不锈钢穿管、不锈钢旁穿管、具高真空或超高真空气密性的盲管和具真空气密性的外管。所述外管通过接头连有KF型法兰和所述不锈钢旁穿管；所述KF型法兰连有KF型穿管法兰，该KF型穿管法兰的中心设有所述不锈钢穿管；对应于所述KF型穿管法兰外侧的所述不锈钢穿管端口连接仪器设备接口；对应于所述KF型穿管法兰内侧的所述不锈钢穿管端口设有具高真空或超高真空气密性的不锈钢管与盲管接口，该不锈钢管与盲管接口连接所述盲管。同时，本发明还公开了该炉管的使用方法。本发明具有耐高温、气密性好、价格低廉等特点，可满足对岩石/矿物样品中的流体包裹体高温热爆脱气实验的要求。

Background: Many phytophagous insects, whose diet is generally nitrogen-poor, rely on gut bacteria to compensate for nutritional deficits. Accordingly, we hypothesized that insects in desert environments may evolve associations with gut bacteria to adapt to the extremely low nutrient availability. For this, we conducted a systematic survey of bacterial communities in the guts of weevils developing inside mud chambers affixed to plant roots in the Negev Desert of Israel, based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results: Our analyses revealed that gut bacterial communities in weevil larvae were similar across a wide geographical range, but differed significantly from those of the mud chambers and of the surrounding soils. Nevertheless, a high proportion of bacteria (including all of the core bacteria) found in the weevils were also detected in the mud chambers and soils at low relative abundances. The genus Citrobacter (of the Enterobacteriaceae family) was the predominant group in the guts of all individual weevils. The relative abundance of Citrobacter significantly decreased at the pupal and adult stages, while bacterial diversity increased. A mini literature survey revealed that members of the genus Citrobacter are associated with nitrogen fixation, recycling of uric acid nitrogen, and cellulose degradation in different insects. Conclusions: The results suggest that although weevils could potentially acquire their gut bacteria from the soil, weevil host internal factors, rather than external environmental factors, were more important in shaping their gut bacterial communities, and suggest a major role for Citrobacter in weevil nutrition in this challenging environment. This study highlights the potential involvement of gut bacteria in the adaptation of insects to nutritional deficiencies under extreme desert conditions.

A survey was conducted in the summer monsoon transition region of China. By combining data from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSOs) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the effects of East Asian summer monsoon circulation on the spatial distribution of aerosol, as well as the response mechanisms of different aerosols in an abundant and a deficient summer monsoon year, were analyzed. It was found that, in the summer monsoon transition region, the aerosol optical depth (AOD) in abundant monsoon years was lower than that in deficient years. Only in the Gobi Desert region of the Loess Plateau, the AOD in abundant monsoon years was significantly larger than that in deficient years. When the AOD was less than 0.06, the frequency of dust aerosol was higher than that of polluted aerosol in both the abundant and deficient monsoon years. When the AOD was over 0.06, the frequency of polluted aerosol was higher than that of dust aerosol in both the abundant and deficient monsoon years. In summer, the AOD was larger and the frequency of polluted aerosol in abundant monsoon years was higher than that in deficient years.

本发明涉及一种利用多孔膜提高沙漠农业水肥利用效率的方法，该方法通过在作物耕作层土壤以下铺设多孔膜来控制土壤水的下渗速度，而多孔膜的透水速率可以通过人为调整多孔膜上孔的密度和孔径进行调整，孔的密度和孔径越小透水速率也越小，从而延缓水肥在沙土中的下渗，起到保水保肥的目的。

本发明提供的一种凝结水观测分析方法及装置，涉及气象领域。其中，所述方法应用于与凝结水观测设备通信连接的数据服务器，所述凝结水观测设备用于采集多个梯度的凝结水检测数据及每个梯度的所述凝结水检测数据对应的环境信息，所述方法包括：接收所述凝结水观测设备采集的每个梯度的所述凝结水检测数据及对应的所述环境信息；分别对接收的每个梯度的所述凝结水检测数据进行处理；根据处理后的每个梯度的所述凝结水检测数据及对应的所述环境信息，生成多个梯度的凝结水分析结果。实现了凝结水采集分析的自动化，提高了数据的可靠性及准确性，促进了对凝结水研究的发展。

本发明涉及一种天然气氖同位素组成测量装置，该装置包括稀有气体质谱仪、活性炭冷阱Ⅰ、Ⅱ和天然气钢瓶。天然气钢瓶通过高真空管线经活性炭冷阱Ⅰ连高真空系统；高真空管线通过管线连超高真空管线，该超高真空管线连活性炭冷阱Ⅱ、稀有气体质谱仪、超高真空系统；天然气钢瓶与活性炭冷阱Ⅰ之间设减压阀、高真空阀Ⅰ、Ⅱ、薄膜真空计；活性炭冷阱Ⅰ经高真空阀Ⅲ与高真空管线相连；高真空系统与管线之间设高真空阀Ⅳ；管线上设超高真空阀Ⅰ；超高真空系统与管线之间设超高真空阀Ⅱ；活性炭冷阱Ⅱ经超高真空阀Ⅲ与超高真空管线相连；稀有气体质谱仪与活性炭冷阱Ⅱ之间设超高真空阀Ⅳ。本发明还公开了该装置的使用方法。本发明测量结果精确、无干扰。

Gypsum is an important industrial mineral, the demand of which has increased manifold over the years, especially due to growing cement industry. Considering the industrial significance of gypsum, we employed advanced space-borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) multispectral data to map gypsum outcrops in the Kohat area, northern Pakistan. Kohat area, also known as Kohat Plateau, is the western extension of the Himalaya fold-thrust belt, characterized by Eocene gypsum reserves at many places, striking generally in east-west direction. In the present research, an attempt has been made to map the outcrops of gypsum through several remote sensing mapping techniques. These techniques include band ratio 4 + 8/6, decorrelation stretch RGB-468 composite, Principle Component PC4 and thermal infrared bands 10, 11 and 12 used as sulfate index. All these methods have helped in discriminating the gypsum outcrops from surrounding various lithologies, illustrating that ASTER is a powerful tool to map different rocks units in arid, remote and inaccessible areas. Results were verified through field mapping at numerous selected stations within proposed study area, which were further confirmed through X-ray analysis of selected gypsum specimens. The results of the applied techniques were compared with each other to better asses and evaluate their effectiveness and accuracy. Overall, all the methods successfully mapped gypsum; however, PC4 results exhibit higher degree of accuracy compared to other methods.