Purpose Both the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement and the National Institutes of Health recommend the use of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS (R)) measures in clinical care and research for stroke patients. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the measurement properties and interpretability of PROMIS measures in stroke patients. Methods Nine databases were searched from January 1st, 2007 till April 12th, 2021 for studies concerning the measurement properties and interpretability of PROMIS measures in stroke patients. The findings of these studies were analyzed according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guideline for systematic reviews of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). Results Ten studies were included. The PROMIS Global Health was studied the most: its two subscales had sufficient structural validity in one study of very good quality, sufficient construct validity with > 75% of hypotheses tested confirmed (high GRADE rating), sufficient internal consistency, i.e. alpha >= 0.70 in two studies (high GRADE rating), sufficient reliability, i.e. ICC >= 0.70 in one study of doubtful quality, and indeterminate responsiveness in one study of inadequate quality. For other PROMIS measures, the measurement properties and interpretability were limitedly studied. Conclusion The PROMIS Global Health showed sufficient structural and construct validity and internal consistency in stroke patients. There is a need for further research on content validity, structural validity, and measurement invariance of PROMIS measures in stroke patients.