Performance evaluation of four satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) in hydrological modelling across five northern moroccan catchments

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  • This study examines the application of four well-established SPPs-GPM, TRMM, CHIRPS, and PERSIANN-CDR-in hydrological modeling using HEC-HMS across five catchments in Northern Morocco. The catchments vary in elevation and land cover, allowing for diverse assessments of model performance. Simulated streamflow derived from SPP data was compared with observed discharge over a 10-year calibration period (2000-2010) and a 5-year validation period (2010-2015). Model accuracy was evaluated using NSE, R-2, RMSE, and Pbias. The results indicate that (1) hydrological simulations were more effective in the high-elevation catchments (>1500 m; CHB, TMZ, and BFR) compared to those at lower elevations. (2) During the calibration phase, TRMM consistently demonstrated the best performance across catchments (NSE = 0.495, R-2 = 0.506). However, during validation, CHIRPS outperformed the other SPPs, particularly in higher-altitude, semi-humid regions, suggesting that it is well-suited for these climatic conditions (NSE = 0.316, R-2 = 0.352). In contrast, GPM and PERSIANN-CDR displayed an overall less reliable performance. (3) The highest accuracy was recorded in the Sb Bouferah (NSE = 0.561, Pbias = 10.2%) and Sb Timezouk (NSE = 0.548, Pbias = 7.9%) catchments, while performance was lower in Sb Jouaber (JBR; NSE = 0.267, Pbias = 35.4%) and Sb Oughane (OGN; NSE = 0.162, Pbias = 48.1%). The findings indicate significant variability in SPP performance across different modeling phases and catchments with diverse elevations and land cover. Integrating SPPs into a hydrological framework for the Martil and Loukkos basins enhances understanding of how geomorphological and climatic factors affect performance. This research is crucial for Northern Morocco, where increased rainfall is essential for supporting arid areas and requires effective management strategies for climate change adaptation.a