Landslides are widespread geological hazards that significantly disrupt mountain ecosystems, causing soil degradation and vegetation loss. Vegetation restoration is crucial for improving local ecology and mitigating the effects of landslides. This paper evaluates the strengths and limitations of natural and artificial restoration practices, focusing on vegetation succession and soil development. It also explores the potential applications and methods of near-natural restoration for landslide recovery. By integrating theoretical frameworks on community reconstruction with current landslide restoration practices, we discuss three key challenges in landslide vegetation restoration: the construction of soil stabilization, the identification of limiting factors, and the application of native species. In addition, this review highlights the beneficial roles of plant functional traits, soil improvement techniques, and species priority effects in landslide vegetation restoration. Ecosystem conservation and restoration have become critical in the face of increasing pressures from climate change and human activities. Linking vegetation restoration strategies with current plant and soil science will assist in the design and implementation of future ecological restoration efforts.