The purpose of this study was to calculate the combined effect size of nurse support programs on job satisfaction among hospital nurses. The PICO framework was used in this methodological study of systematic review and meta-analysis. Using nine electronic databases of four international and five Korean databases and applying the eligibility criteria, articles published from database inception through October 2022 were collected. A total of 24 Korean and international articles were selected following the PRISMA guidelines. The keywords of nurse, mentoring (preceptorship, internship, or residency) program, and job satisfaction were selected based on the PICO. The checklists for RCTs and quasi-experimental studies provided in the Joanna Briggs Institute of Critical Appraisal Tool were used for the quality assessment. The coded data were analyzed using MIX 2.0 statistical software. We analyzed the combined effect sizes, heterogeneity, funnel plot, Egger's regression test, Begg's test, subgroup analyses, and univariate meta-regression. The overall effects of the program on job satisfaction and organizational behavior such as organizational commitment, interpersonal relationships, self-efficacy, motivation, burnout, and turnover intention for hospital nurses were statistically significant. The results of this study may explain the effect of the nurse support program on job satisfaction and organizational behaviors for hospital nurses.