Objectives: Systematic reviews (SRs) are becoming essential evidence in the decision-making process within the field of social sci-ences. This study aimed to investigate how Campbell SRs were cited and explore their specific application roles.Study Design and Setting: We included Campbell SRs published between 2016 and 2020 by searching the Wiley online library, and retrieved the articles and documents citing Campbell SRs from the Web of Science and Google Scholar by December 31, 2021. We described the characteristics of the SRs and citations, and formulated a set of application roles by analyzing the sentences or paragraphs where the SRs were cited.Results: Sixty nine Campbell SRs were published between 2016 and 2020; they were cited in 641 articles or documents a total of 1,289 times. The primary types of articles that cited Campbell SRs were cross-sectional studies (n = 226, 35.3%), SRs (n = 112, 17.5%), ran-domized controlled trials (n = 77, 12.0%), and policy reports (n = 57, 8.8%). Articles utilizing Campbell SRs were predominantly led by authors from the United States (n = 184, 28.7%), the United Kingdom (n = 98, 15.3%), and Australia (n = 51, 8.0%). We formulated a set of 10 application roles for the Campbell SRs, of which the most frequent were: describing the current status in the field of interest (n = 691, 53.6%), corroboration of the results (n = 140, 10.9%), identifying research gaps (n = 130, 10.1%), and providing methodological refer-ences (n = 126, 9.8%); the role of supporting policy recommendations or decisions accounted for 6.0% (n = 77) of the citations. Approx-imately 12% of Campbell SRs were used to support policy recommendations or decisions.Conclusion: Campbell SRs are widely applied, particularly in scientific research, to describe the current status in the field of interest. Although the current application of Campbell SRs in supporting policy recommendations and decisions may not be predominant, there is a growing recognition of their value in using Campbell SRs to inform decision-making.(c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc.

BackgroundAn increasing number of systematic reviews (SRs) in the environmental field have been published in recent years as a result of the global concern about the health impacts of air pollution and temperature. However, no study has assessed and compared the methodological and reporting quality of SRs on the health effects of air pollutants and extreme temperatures. This study aims to assess and compare the methodological and reporting quality of SRs on the health effects of ambient air pollutants and extreme temperatures.MethodsPubMed, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Epistemonikos databases were searched. Two researchers screened the literature and extracted information independently. The methodological quality of the SRs was assessed through A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2). The reporting quality was assessed through Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).ResultsWe identified 405 SRs (286 for air pollution, 108 for temperature, and 11 for the synergistic effects). The methodological and reporting quality of the included SRs were suboptimal, with major deficiencies in protocol registration. The methodological quality of SRs of air pollutants was better than that of temperature, especially in terms of satisfactory explanations for any heterogeneity (69.6% v. 45.4%). The reporting quality of SRs of air pollution was better than temperature, however, adherence to the reporting of the assessment results of risk of bias in all SRs (53.5% v. 34.3%) was inadequate.ConclusionsMethodological and reporting quality of SRs on the health effect of air pollutants were higher than those of temperatures. However, deficiencies in protocol registration and the assessment of risk of bias remain an issue for both pollutants and temperatures. In addition, developing a risk-of-bias assessment tool applicable to the temperature field may improve the quality of SRs.

BackgroundActive workstations have been proposed as a feasible approach for reducing occupational sedentary time. This study used a network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess and compare the overall efficacy of active workstation interventions according to type and concomitant strategy for reducing work-specific sitting time in office workers.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from database inception until May 2022 to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of active workstations with or without concomitant strategies for reducing occupational sedentary time in office workers. The risk of bias of the RCTs included in this study was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. An NMA with STATA 15.1 was used to construct a network diagram, league figures, and the final surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) approach.ResultsA total of 23 eligible studies including eight different types of interventions with 1428 office workers were included. NMA results showed that compared to a typical desk, multicomponent intervention (standardized mean difference (SMD) = - 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 2.17, - 0.82; SUCRA = 72.4%), sit-stand workstation + promotion (Reminders of rest breaks, posture variation, or incidental office activity) (SMD = - 1.49; 95%CI - 2.42, - 0.55; SUCRA = 71.0%), treadmill workstation + promotion (SMD = - 1.29; 95%CI - 2.51, - 0.07; SUCRA = 61.6%), and sit-stand workstation (SMD = - 1.10, 95%CI - 1.64, - 0.56; SUCRA = 50.2%) were effective in reducing occupational sedentary time for office workers.ConclusionsMulticomponent intervention, sit-stand workstation + promotion, treadmill workstation + promotion, and sit-stand workstation appear to be effective in reducing work-specific sedentary time for office workers. Furthermore, multicomponent interventions and active workstations + promotion better reduced work-specific sedentary time than active workstation alone. However, the overall certainty of the evidence was low.

BackgroundDongxiang group, as an important minority, resides in Gansu province which is located at the northwest China, forensic detection system with more loci needed to be studied to improve the application efficiency of forensic case investigation in this group.MethodsA 60-plex system including 57 autosomal deletion/insertion polymorphisms (A-DIPs), 2 Y chromosome DIPs (Y-DIPs) and the sex determination locus (Amelogenin) was explored to evaluate the forensic application efficiencies of individual discrimination, kinship analysis and biogeographic origin prediction in Gansu Dongxiang group based on the 60-plex genotype results of 233 unrelated Dongxiang individuals. The 60-plex genotype results of 4582 unrelated individuals from 33 reference populations in five different continents were also collected to analyze the genetic background of Dongxiang group and its genetic relationships with other continental populations.ResultsThe system showed high individual discrimination power, as the cumulative power of discrimination (CPD), cumulative power of exclusion (CPE) for trio and cumulative match probability (CMP) values were 0.99999999999999999999997297, 0.999980 and 2.7029E(- 24), respectively. The system could distinguish 98.12%, 93.78%, 82.18%, 62.35% and 39.32% of full sibling pairs from unrelated individual pairs, when the likelihood ratio (LR) limits were set as 1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10,000 based on the simulated family samples, respectively. Additionally, Dongxiang group had the close genetic distances with populations in East Asia, especially showed the intimate genetic relationships with Chinese Han populations, which were concluded from the genetic affinities and genetic background analyses of Dongxiang group and 33 reference populations. In terms of the effectiveness of biogeographic origin inference, different artificial intelligent algorithms possessed different efficacies. Among them, the random forest (RF) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm models could accurately predict the biogeographic origins of 99.7% and 90.59% of three and five continental individuals, respectively.ConclusionThis 60-plex system had good performance for individual discrimination, kinship analysis and biogeographic origin prediction in Dongxiang group, which could be used as a powerful tool for case investigation.

[目的 /意义]构建具有中国特色的数字人文循证范式自主知识体系是时代的要求。[方法 /过程]本文以“范式”理论为基础，对中国特色数字人文循证范式自主知识体系的基本理论要素进行深入探讨。[结果 /结论]本文认为，把马克思主义的基本原理与中华优秀传统文化相结合，是中国特色循证数字人文自主知识体系的思想基础。中华民族源远流长的集体记忆及其载体，构成了中国特色数字人文循证范式自主知识体系的文化基础。丰富多彩的传统典籍文献为中国特色循证数字人文自主知识体系的形成奠定了坚实的文献基础。“文史互证”指引下具有鲜明中国治学特色的目录学则为循证数字人文自主知识体系打下了厚重的方法论基础。本文所展开的梳理和解析，有望为构建具有中国特色的循证数字人文自主知识体系产生积极的影响。

Summary-摘要: [目的 /意义]蕴藏于原始文献典籍的“一手证据”是展开数字人文研究的重要途径。[方法 /过程]本文以《鲍氏国策》为例，基于自然语言处理技术，以共词分析方法为突破口，比较全面地展开了数字人文研究者如何基于来自原始文献的“一手证据”展开系统化的研究。[结果 /结论]本研究针对《鲍氏国策》中“一手证据”的提取，从词频统计、停用词的去除、词义模糊词的识别与剔除等方面，展开了基于词语展开分析时若干基础指标的获取过程；进而，本研究以《鲍氏国策》为例，提供了数字人文研究中，应用共词网络可视化、聚类系数、中心度指标、结构洞识别等一系列统计分析方法与指标，对一手证据展开解析的基本程序。本研究所展开的方法，有助于为完成数字人文“一手证据”的循证范式提供参考

[目的 /意义]随着数字人文研究范式的兴起，为研究者基于二手资源开展循证研究提供了契机。[方法 /过程]本文首先梳理了数字人文“二手证据”循证范式相关的理论基础，并以敦煌汉简为例对数字人文“二手证据”循证范式进行了实证分析。通过来自CNKI的287篇敦煌汉简相关研究文献的编码分析，检验了信度和效度，并对类目体系展开了综合分析。[结果 /结论]本文提出了循证数字人文基于“二手证据”展开循证研究的包括文献检索、类目编制、“二手证据”要素的综合分析3个阶段，以及证据检索、信度检验环节、效度检验环节和类目构建、证据要素综合5个环节构成的“三阶段五环节”范式。本研究所构建的范式，对循证数字人文学科、学术和话语体系建设具有一定的理论参照和实践指引价值。

The United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) involve society, economy, and environment, and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an important path to implement the SDGs. Moreover, the BRI is a vision for economic development of countries along the route. Although many studies documented the effect of the BRI on environment and economic performance, few studies have discussed the effect of the BRI on social and economic benefits. Therefore, we introduce the public health expenditure to explore the relationship between the BRI and the public health and economic growth of countries along the route from the dual perspective of social development and economic growth. Based on a panel data from 171 countries from 2010 to 2018, the current research explores whether the BRI can boost public health and promote economic growth in the belt-road countries. As a result, we found that the BRI boosted the expenditure of public health and effectively spurred economic growth in the belt-road countries. Furthermore, the effect of the BRI on the economic growth in the countries along the route depends on the level of public health expenditure in each country; the positive effect of the BRI on economic growth is significant when the public health expenditure level is moderate instead of low or high. The findings provide theoretical and practical insights into the SDGs of the BRI.

Unethical pro-organizational behavior is one of the core factors that affect organizational development. Although enterprises and researchers have done a lot of work, a quantitative and systematic assessment of unethical pro-organizational behavior research is still lacking, this review conducts a bibliometric analysis to describe the characteristics and trends of unethical pro-organizational behavior research in business and management, such as publication trend analysis, co-citation analysis, keywords co-occurrence analysis, and citation burst analysis. The results show that 89 articles and 4,523 references from 49 journals contributed by 254 authors are identified. The number of publications has increased significantly since 2019. The China and United States are the most productive country. Umphress E and Yam C are the most influential authors. "Journal of Business Ethics and Frontiers in Psychology" are the most influential journal, 26 words in 516 keywords constitute the strongest set of terms available, Keyword co-occurrence analysis found ethical decision-making, the measurement, and impact of unethical pro-organizational behavior, the antecedents of ethical leadership are worthy and prospective potential trends. These findings provide a systematically, transparently, and visually reviewed the landscape and development process of unethical pro-organizational behavior research, which may help researchers and practitioners to understand unethical pro-organizational behavior in business management and provide a new perspective for future research.